Intervención sobre educación nutricional en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2
Keywords:
DIABETES MELLITUS, EDUCACIÓN EN SALUD, PACIENTES.Abstract
RESUMENFundamento: la educación nutricional como parte del tratamiento integral en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2, constituye un reto para profesionales de la salud, por lo que conocer su adecuado empleo e impacto garantiza resultados positivos.
Objetivo: evaluar la eficacia de una intervención sobre educación nutricional en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2.
Métodos: se realizó una investigación aplicada, cuantitativa, longitudinal, prospectiva, cuasi experimental, de intervención en el consultorio médico 9 del Policlínico Docente Raúl Sánchez de Pinar de Río, desde septiembre hasta diciembre de 2014. La muestra de estudio estuvo conformada por 56 diabéticos tipo 2.
Resultados: después de aplicada la estrategia, el total de pacientes conoció la existencia de la relación entre diabetes mellitus y tabaquismo. También la importancia del consumo de sal, grasa, azúcar y vegetales adecuado. Predominaron dentro de las preferencias alimentarias los vegetales y el azúcar refinado.
Conclusiones: la estrategia de intervención educativa resultó efectiva pues los pacientes perfeccionaron sus conocimientos con respecto a su enfermedad y su educación nutricional.
Background: nutritional education as part of the comprehensive treatment for patients with dia-betes mellitus type 2 is a challenge for health professionals; for this reason, knowing its adequate use and impact guarantees positive results.
Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of an intervention on nutritional education in patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.
Methods: an intervention, quasi-experimental, prospective, longitudinal, quantitative, applied investiga-tion was conducted in the family physician’s office number 9 of Raúl Sánchez Teaching Policlinic, Pinar del Río, from September to December 2014. The study sample was composed of 56 patients with diabetes mellitus type 2.
Results: after the strategy was applied, all the patients got to know the existence of a relation between diabetes mellitus and smoking. They also realized of the importance of the adequate intake of salt, fat, sugar and vegetables. Regarding eating preferences, vegetables and refined sugar predominated.
Conclusions: the educative intervention strategy turned out to be effective since patients im-proved their knowledge regarding their disease and nutritional treatment.
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