Sistema de tareas docentes para desarrollar habilidades profesionales desde la asignatura MGI en 5to año de medicina
Keywords:
habilidades profesionales, tareas docentes, modos de actuación.Abstract
RESUMENFundamento: el proceso docente en las universidades debe lograr la formación de un profesional pertinente y comprometido desde su profesión con la realidad social en sus tres dimensiones: instructiva, educativa y desarrolladora, donde se forme un modo de actuación con conocimientos, habilidades y valores en correspondencia con su encargo social.
Objetivo: diseñar un sistema de tareas docentes para el desarrollo de habilidades profesionales en diferentes modalidades propias de la educación en el trabajo de la estancia de MGI en 5to año de medicina, las que a su vez constituyen actividades específicas en esa especialidad.
Métodos: se revisaron un total de 86 artículos de investigaciones pedagógicas, publicadas en SciELO y de la base de datos del MES, así como artículos de revistas de educación internacionales y dos tesis de maestría, de ellos se utilizaron 35 citas seleccionadas para realizar la revisión, 27 de ellas de los últimos 5 años. Mediante el empleo de los métodos teóricos y empíricos, se diseñó el sistema de tareas propuesto.
Conclusiones: con el desarrollo de las referidas tareas se aprovechan las potencialidades que brinda la educación en el trabajo en la atención primaria de salud en vínculo directo con la futura profesión y el desarrollo de habilidades. También se determina, qué debe caracterizar el trabajo metodológico del colectivo de la referida asignatura para enfrentar un proceso enseñanza aprendizaje en función del desarrollo de habilidades profesionales. La ejecución de las tareas docentes contribuye al desarrollo de la independencia cognoscitiva; la ejercitación del sistema operacional de las habilidades para la aplicación del método clínico y epidemiológico, y tributan a la función del egresado de brindar atención médica integral.
Background: the teaching process in the universities should be aimed at training a professional committed to social reality from his profession in its three dimensions: instructive, educative, and develop-ing. A mode of action that includes knowledge, abilities and values should be formed corresponding with the social mission.
Objective: to design a system of teaching tasks to develop professional abilities in different modes of the subject Integral General Medicine (IGM) in fifth year of Medicine that are specific activities of that specialty.
Methods: a total of 86 articles of pedagogical researches published in SciELO and in the database of the Ministry of Higher Education were reviewed. Some articles from international education journals and two master’s degree theses were also review. Thirty-five citations were selected for making the review; 27 were from the last five years. The proposed system of tasks could be designed by means of theoretical and empirical methods.
Conclusions: a good use of the potential of education in the work in Primary Health Care _directly linked to the future profession and the development of skills_ is made with the development of the men-tioned tasks. The characteristics of the methodological work of the professors of the mentioned subject to face a teaching-learning process according to the development of professional abilities are also determined. The implementation of the teaching tasks contributes to the development of cognitive independence, to the practice of the operational system of abilities for the application of the clinical epidemiological method, and to the function of the graduate of providing integral medical care.
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