Cypermethrin-induced contact dermatitis erythroderma
Abstract
Introduction: Erythroderma presents as a severe condition, characterized by extensive inflammation of the body surface and resulting in significant complications, it represents a significant challenge due to the systemic nature and the debilitating impact it has. The etiology is usually multifactorial, including contact dermatitis, which often arises from exposure to various irritating agents such as pyrethroids.
Objective: To describe the clinical findings, complementary studies, therapeutic conduct and evolution of a case of erythroderma due to contact dermatitis induced by cypermethrin.
Case presentation: The authors report the case of a 66-year-old male patient with a history of high blood pressure and a recent diagnosis of scabies, who, after self-medicating with cypermethrin, experienced generalized erythema and severe skin lesions. When hospitalized, he was diagnosed with erythroderma secondary to contact dermatitis. The initial clinical picture presented with generalized erythema and intense itching. Squamous erythematous lesions were identified, affecting the entire skin surface. The scales observed were fine, exfoliative, and easily detached. Treatment was established, which included the suspension of the causative agent, corticosteroids, antihistamines, and metabolic support. At four weeks, the patient showed almost complete resolution of the lesions.
Conclusions: This case highlights the relevance of timely diagnosis and management of erythroderma secondary to contact dermatitis. Self-medication and lack of dermatological health education represent important risks. The implementation of educational strategies is suggested to prevent inappropriate exposure to chemical substances and optimize dermatological care.
Downloads
References
1. Goldman L, Schafer AI. Tratado de Medicina Interna. 26. ed. España: Elsevier; 2021 [citado 18 Oct 2024]. Disponible en: https://www.edicionesjournal.com//Papel/9788491137658/Goldman-Cecil++Tratado+de+Medicina+Interna+Ed+26
2. Loscalzo J, Fauci A, Kasper D, Hauser S, Longo D, Jameson JL, editores. Harrison. Principios de Medicina Interna. 21. ed. Washinton: McGraw Hill; 2023[citado 18 Oct 2024]. Disponible en: https://accessmedicina.mhmedical.com/book.aspx?bookID=3118
3. Cuellar-Barboza A, Ocampo-Candiani J, Herz-Ruelas ME. Eritrodermia en el adulto: un enfoque práctico para el diagnóstico y tratamiento. Actas Dermo Sifiliogr [Internet]. 2018 [citado 17 Nov 2024];109(9):777-90. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ad.2018.05.011
4. Pang Y, Nguyen WQ, Guerrero LI, Chrisman LP, Hooper MJ, McCarthy MC; et al. Deciphering the etiologies of adult erythroderma: an updated guide to presentations, diagnostic tools, pathophysiologies, and treatments. Am J Clin Dermatol [Internet]. 2024 [citado 19 Nov 2024];25(6):927–950. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40257-024-00886-9
5. Tso S, Satchwell F, Moiz H, Hari T, Dhariwal S, Barlow R; et al. Erythroderma (exfoliative dermatitis). Part 1: underlying causes, clinical presentation and pathogenesis. Clin Exp Dermatol [Internet]. 2021 [citado 18 Nov 2024];46(6):1001-10. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/ced.14625
6. Albalawi H, Altemani A, Alhweiti A, Alatawi M, Albalawi A, Alharthi F; et al. Diagnosis and management of erythroderma; a systematic review. Int J Med Dev Ctries [Internet]. 2024 [citado 18 Nov 2024];8(1):387–395. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.24911/ijmdc.51-1700391422
7. Sharma A, Mahajan VK, Mehta KS, Chauhan PS, Sharma V, Sharma A; et al. Pesticide contact dermatitis in agricultural workers of Himachal Pradesh (India). Contact Dermat [Internet]. 2018 [citado 18 Nov 2024];79(4):213-7. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1111/cod.13049
8. Lee GH, Choi KC. Adverse effects of pesticides on the functions of immune system. Comp Biochem Physiol [Internet]. 2020 [citado 18 Nov 2024]; 235:108789. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpc.2020.108789
9. Delgado Pagán GY, Rojas Pérez MM, Silveira Hernández PS. Eritrodermia en ancianos: A propósito de un paciente. Medicentro [Internet]. 2024 [citado 6 Dic 2024]; 28:3771. Disponible en: https://medicentro.sld.cu/index.php/medicentro/article/view/3771
10. Di Prinzio A, Torre A, Cura M, Puga C, Bastard D, Mazzuoccolo L. Las reacciones adversas a fármacos son la primera causa de eritrodermia. Estudio retrospectivo de 70 pacientes en un hospital universitario de Argentina. Actas Dermo Sifiliogr [Internet]. 2022 [citado 17 Nov 2024];113(8):765-772. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ad.2022.03.009
11. Alchorne AD, Alchorne MM, Trivelin ML, Trivelin SD. Eritrodermia e alopecia por intoxicação sistêmica por mercúrio. Braz J Dev [Internet]. 2020 [citado 13 Nov 2024];6(8):55604-10. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.34117/bjdv6n8-113
12. García Arellano DA, Mateo Terán DN, Granda Velez DM, Valencia Quintanilla DA, Aguabi Cejido DS. Urgencias dermatológicas. Revisión clínica de: eritrodermia exfoliativa y del síndrome de stevens-johnson. Cienc Lat Rev Cient Multidiscip [Internet]. 2023 [citado 13 Nov 2024];7(1):2953-78. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.37811/cl_rcm.v7i1.4636
13. Rojas Mendoza KJ, Yglesias Dimadi II, Min Kim H. Actualización y perlas clínicas del abordaje diagnóstico y terapéutico de la eritrodermia en adultos. Rev Medica Sinerg [Internet]. 2023 [citado 15 Nov 2024];8(1): e931. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.31434/rms.v8i1.931
14. Sant’Anna J, Rebocho F, Calaça S, Santos I, Bastida F. Eritrodermia generalizada. Galicia Clínica [Internet]. 2019 [citado 15 Nov 2024];80(2): 32 Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.22546/52/1667
15. Ricardo-Mora E, Max-Untoja S, Geronimo-Marzana E. Casos de eritrodermias atendidos en el hospital provincial de Las Tunas, estudio de diez años. Rev. electron. Zoilo [Internet]. 2022 [citado 20 Nov 2024]; 47 (6). Disponible en: https://revzoilomarinello.sld.cu/index.php/zmv/article/view/3227
16. Dias LTF, Lino F de V, Parente LR de C, Pereira MG, Ferreira AC da B, de Oliveira MMS, de Castro LRX, Leão CM. Eritrodermia secundária a dermatite atópica grave: um relato de caso. Braz. J. Hea. Rev. [Internet]. 2024 [citado 22 Nov 2024];7(1):2810-24. Disponible en: https://ojs.brazilianjournals.com.br/ojs/index.php/BJHR/article/view/66679
17. Martínez-Pérez SC, Guerrero-Guerrero EG, Recalde-Torres MJ. Eritrodermia Secundaria a Escabiosis reportada en la Amazonia Ecuatoriana. RCS [Internet]. 2024 [citado 20 Nov 2024];7(14):46-52. Disponible en: http://www.journalgestar.org/index.php/gestar/article/view/108
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Eliecer González Valdéz, Miguel Angel Amaró Garrido, Tatiana Hernández González
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Copyright: Camagüey Medical Archive Magazine, offers immediately after being indexed in the SciELO Project; Open access to the full text of the articles under the principle of making available and free the research to promote the exchange of global knowledge and contribute to a greater extension, publication, evaluation and extensive use of the articles that can be used without purpose As long as reference is made to the primary source.
Conflicts of interest: authors must declare in a mandatory manner the presence or not of conflicts of interest in relation to the investigation presented.
(Download Statement of potential conflicts of interest)
The Revista Archivo Médico de Camagüey is under a License Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
This license allows others to distribute, to mix, to adjust and to build from its work, even for commercial purposes, as long as it is recognized the authorship of the original creation. This is the most helpful license offered. Recommended for maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials. The full license can be found at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/
22 julio 2025