Characterization of the alpha-fetoprotein in mother serum program at polyclinic 28 de Septiembre
Abstract
Introduction: The maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein screening program in Cuba has been an indispensable tool for the diagnosis of congenital open defects and other anomalies that cause infant morbidity and mortality.
Objective: To characterize the maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein program at polyclinic 28 de Septiembre.
Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in 2 508 pregnant women with maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein results, from January 2019 to December 2023. The program coverage was analyzed as well as its positivity, positive predictive value, causes of positive results, and congenital defects diagnosed by ultrasound, associated with this biomarker. It was used the descriptive statistics for information analysis.
Results: Maternal serum alpha-fetoprotein was determined in only 2,508 (96.68%) of the pregnant women studied, of which 254 (10.24%) cases presented values considered as altered for this biomarker, with a predominance of maternal causes in 245 (96.45%) of them. Structural congenital anomalies were identified by ultrasound in only 9 (3.54%) fetuses, due to defects in the closure of the neural tube and abdominal wall. Late detection of pregnancy was the main reason for not performing the study. The totality case with positive result decided interrupt the develop of the pregnancy.
Conclusions: The characterization of the alpha-fetoprotein program made possible not only to identify the main non-genetic causes associated to positive values of this marker in maternal serum, but its predictive value on events that threaten the mother and/or fetus well-being.
DeCS: ALPHA-FETOPROTEIN; MATERNAL SERUM; POSITIVE VALOR PREDICTIVE; CONGENITAL DEFECTS, GENETIC COUNSELING.
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References
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