Caracterización de los pacientes con cáncer de colon

Luis Andrés Guibert Adolfo, Luis Ernesto Quiroga Meriño, Yarima Estrada Brizuela, Osmany Mario Maestre Ramos, Germán Guilarte León

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Resumen

Fundamento: el cáncer de colon es la tercera causa más frecuente de morbilidad y mortalidad por cáncer en el mundo.
Objetivo: caracterizar los pacientes con cáncer de colon
Métodos: se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo transversal con el objetivo de caracterizar los pacientes con cáncer de colon en el Servicio de Cirugía General del Hospital Militar, desde octubre de 2013 hasta agosto de 2017. El universo estuvo compuesto por 61 pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer de colon.
Resultados: en el estudio predominaron las mujeres, los pacientes mayores de 60 años resultaron la mayoría, en específico los del grupo de 70-79 años. El adenoma velloso resultó el antecedente más frecuente. El sangrado digestivo bajo resultó la forma de presentación predominante en aquellos con localización izquierda del tumor. En la mayor parte el cáncer estaba bien diferenciado. El adenocarcinoma resulto el tipo histológico más frecuente.
Conclusiones: predominaron las mujeres entre 70 y 79 años, como antecedentes patológicos personales los adenomas vellosos. El sangrado digestivo bajo resultó la forma clínica más frecuente, y se asoció a localización izquierda. Una parte de los pacientes requirió intervención quirúrgica y la técnica más empleada fue la hemicolectomía izquierda. La mayor parte de las neoplasias estaban bien diferenciadas, con inflamación crónica.

DeCS: NEOPLASIAS DEL COLON/cirugía; ADENOCARCINOMA; ESFINTEROTOMÍA ENDOSCÓPICA; ANCIANO; ESTUDIOS TRANSVERSALES.

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