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Ostectomía parcial del peroné y artroscopia en la gonartrosis medial con deformidad en varo
Resumen
Fundamento: la artrosis de la rodilla con deformidad angular es frecuente y por lo general demanda de tratamiento quirúrgico de diferentes modalidades, que conservan o no la articulación.
Objetivo: profundizar en las ventajas de la ostectomía parcial del peroné asociada a la artroscopia en pacientes con artrosis de la rodilla y deformidad angular en varo.
Métodos: la búsqueda de la información se realizó en un periodo de cuatro meses (primero de junio de 2017 al 30 de septiembre de 2017), se emplearon las siguientes palabras: osteoarthritis of the knee, knee arthroscopy, varus deformity, fibular ostectomy y knee osteotomy, a partir de la información obtenida se realizó una revisión bibliográfica de un total de 171 artículos publicados en las bases de datos PubMed, Hinari, SciELO y Medline mediante el gestor de búsqueda y administrador de referencias EndNote, de ellos se utilizaron 47 citas seleccionadas para realizar la revisión, 38 de ellas de los últimos cinco años donde se incluyeron siete libros.
Desarrollo: se abordaron los tipos de deformidad en varo, como: varo primario, doble y triple. Se hace referencia a las indicaciones quirúrgicas y contraindicaciones para la ostectomía parcial del peroné y artroscopia. En relación a la combinación simultánea de ostectomía parcial del peroné y artroscopia se describen las ventajas y desventajas. Para culminar se hace referencia a las complicaciones más reportadas en la literatura.
Conclusiones: la artroscopia y ostectomía parcial del peroné combinada y simultánea es una técnica útil para pacientes que sufren de artrosis de la rodilla con deformidad angular en varo.
DeCS: ARTICULACIÓN DE LA RODILLA; OSTEOARTRITIS DE LA RODILLA; ARTROPLASTIA DE REEMPLAZO DE RODILLA; PERONÉ/cirugía; LITERATURA DE REVISIÓN COMO ASUNTO.
Palabras clave
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