Proximal tibia physeal fractures in children
Abstract
Introduction: Knee fractures in pediatric ages are not common injuries, especially those that occur in the proximal physeal of the tibia.
Objective: To update and provide information on proximal physeal fractures of the tibia.
Methods: The search and analysis of the information was carried out over a period of 92 days (July 1st to September 30th, 2023) and the following words were used: physeal injuries, physeal injuries and knee, physeal fractures around the knee, proximal tibial physeal fracture. From the information obtained, a bibliographic review of a total of 143 articles published in the databases PubMed, Hinari, SciELO and Medline was carried out using the manager search engine and reference manager EndNote, of which 35 selected citations were used to carry out the review, 30 from the last five years.
Results: The most important anatomical characteristics related to the proximal physeal are mentioned. Reference is made to the production mechanism and classifications used in patients with this traumatic entity. The clinical and imaging diagnosis as well as the treatment modalities, and early and late complications, are presented.
Conclusions: Fractures of the proximal tibia physeal are rare injuries, with a high risk of vascular injury and compartment syndrome. The production mechanisms are varied and have specific characteristics in each case. Salter Harris type II lesions predominate and treatment modalities can be conservative and surgical, the latter with very specific indications.
DeCS:TIBIAL FRACTURES; KNEE FRACTURES; TIBIA/anatomy&histology; CHILD; PEDIATRICS.
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References
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