Clinical and histopathological agreement of white lesions in the oral cavity
Abstract
Introduction: White lesions in the oral cavity constitute a health problem that responds to diverse causes and affects a considerable number of people worldwide. The conditions and results of the clinical diagnosis of lesions without a histopathological basis only show empirical deductions based on accumulated clinical experience, which may or may not agree with the real nature of the clinically diagnosed entity. The study of their concordance allows evidencing the certainty of the clinical diagnosis.
Objective: To determine the clinical and histopathological concordance of white lesions present in the oral cavity.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive observational study was carried out in 193 patients with white lesions in the oral cavity selected by non-probabilistic purposive sampling who attended the Department of Dentistry of the Arturo Puig Ruiz de Villa Polyclinic from January 2020 to January 2022. The lesions were biopsied to correlate the clinical diagnosis and histopathological diagnosis. The concordance of the results was evaluated using the Kappa index.
Results: The predominant age group was 40-49 years, the most affected patients were female and white skin color, the predominant lesion was leukoplakia with dysplasia, the most affected anatomical subsite was the cheek mucosa and more than half of the patients were related to smoking as a risk factor. The concordance strength of leukoplakia was very good with respect to lichen planus and hyperplastic chronic candidiasis (good). Squamous cell carcinoma had a moderate level of concordance.
Conclusions: The concordance results for white lesions present in the oral cavity in the 193 patients of the study were averaged and in general the study showed a good concordance.
DeCS: MOUTH/pathology; MOUTH/injuries; LEUKOPLAKIA, ORAL; SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF HEAD AND NECK/diagnosis; SQUAMOUS CELL CARCINOMA OF HEAD AND NECK/pathology.
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