The diabetic retinopathy in the Retinal consultation of the Hospital Universitario Manuel Ascunce Domenech
Abstract
Introduction: Diabetic retinopathy is the most common microvascular complication of diabetes mellitus. Elevated levels of glucose in the blood induce structural, physiological and hormonal changes that affect the capillaries of the retina. Retinopathy begins its development at least seven years before the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Objective: To describe the behavior of diabetic retinopathy in patients treated at the Retina clinic of the Manuel Ascunce Domenech University Hospital in Camagüey province.
Methods: A descriptive, longitudinal study in patients with the diagnosis of diabetic retinopathy was carried out. 330 patients that attended the retinal consultation in the period from January to November, 2019 and that they fulfilled the selection criteria, conformed the population. A collecting fill-out form of data was designed and independent variables: Age, sex, risk factors, time of evolution of disease and like dependent variable the severity of retinopathy, were studied.
Results: The behavior of the age groups between 41 and 60 years, was more frequent, followed by patients between 20 and 40 year that they suffered from proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The bad glycemic control was the most frequent risk factor, followed by high blood pressure. The greatest quantity of patients had between 17 and 21 years of disease, followed by those patients between 22 and 27 years of disease.
Conclusions: The age between 41 and 60 years prevailed in the study. All patients had more than one risk factor. Poor glycemic control and arterial hypertension were the most frequent risk factors in the study. The disease’s evolution time between 17 and 21 years of illness predominated. There was a relationship between the patient's age, risk factors and time of evolution of the disease with the severity of diabetic retinopathy, where proliferative diabetic retinopathy predominated.
DeCS: DIABETIC RETINOPATHY; GLYCEMIC CONTROL; CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK FACTORS; TIME FACTORS; PREVALENCE.
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References
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