Malnutrición por exceso e hipertensión arterial en niños y adolescentes de un área de salud
Abstract
RESUMENFundamento: la malnutrición por exceso e hipertensión arterial en niños y adolescentes constituye un problema de salud actualmente y representan dos factores de riesgo cardiovasculares importantes.
Objetivo: determinar el comportamiento de la malnutrición por exceso e hipertensión arterial en niños y adolescentes.
Métodos: se realizó un estudio descriptivo y de corte transversal en 37 pacientes que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión, del área perteneciente al Grupo Básico de Trabajo 2 del Policlínico Universitario Carlos Manuel Portuondo Lambert, desde enero a diciembre de 2013. Se estudiaron las variables: edad, sexo, estado nutricional, tensión arterial y grado de obesidad. La información obtenida se procesó mediante programa estadístico Excel 2003 para Windows y estadística descriptiva para obtener distribuciones de frecuencias y por cientos. Los resultados del estudio se expusieron en tablas.
Resultados: predominó el sexo femenino con un 56,7 %, de los cuales el 35,1 % eran mayores o iguales a 10 años de edad. El 18,9 % de los pacientes estudiados resultaron sobrepeso y el 32,4 % fueron obesos. El 75 % de los pacientes obesos eran hipertensos.
Conclusiones: predominó el sexo femenino y en las edades mayores de 10 años. Los pacientes más afectados en el estado nutricional fue el sexo femenino y en las categorías de sobrepeso y obeso, así como las cifras de tensión arterial más elevadas se presentaron en los pacientes con un grado de obesidad severa.
Background: malnutrition by excess and high blood pressure in children and adolescents are health problems nowadays. Excess and high blood pressure are two important cardiovascular risk factors.
Objective: to determine the behaviour of malnutrition by excess and high blood pressure in chil-dren and adolescents.
Methods: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in 37 patients that matched the inclusion criteria and belonged to the Basic Working Group 2 from Carlos Manuel Portuondo Lambert Teaching Poli-clinic between January 2013 and December 2013. The following variables were studied: age, sex, nutrition-al status, arterial tension and degree of obesity. The information obtained was processed by means of the statistic program Excel 2003 for Windows and the descriptive statistics to obtain frequency distributions and percents. The results of the study are shown in tables.
Results: female sex predominated with a 56, 7 %; the 35, 1 % of them were ten years old or older. The 18, 9 % of the studied patients were overweight and the 32, 4 % were obese. The 75 % of the obese patients presented high blood pressure.
Conclusions: female sex and patients older than ten years old predominated. The most affected patients regarding nutritional status were female and in the categories overweight and obese. The highest levels of arterial tension appeared in patients with a degree of severe obesity.
Downloads

Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright: Camagüey Medical Archive Magazine, offers immediately after being indexed in the SciELO Project; Open access to the full text of the articles under the principle of making available and free the research to promote the exchange of global knowledge and contribute to a greater extension, publication, evaluation and extensive use of the articles that can be used without purpose As long as reference is made to the primary source.
Conflicts of interest: authors must declare in a mandatory manner the presence or not of conflicts of interest in relation to the investigation presented.
(Download Statement of potential conflicts of interest)
The Revista Archivo Médico de Camagüey is under a License Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
This license allows others to distribute, to mix, to adjust and to build from its work, even for commercial purposes, as long as it is recognized the authorship of the original creation. This is the most helpful license offered. Recommended for maximum dissemination and use of licensed materials. The full license can be found at: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/