Nanotechnology in Orthopaedic and Traumatology. Update review
Abstract
Introduction: Nanotechnology is a branch of science that studies atoms and molecules from 1 to 100 nanometers in size, individually controlled and manipulated.
Objective: To update knowledge on the use of nanotechnology in the specialty of Orthopedics and Traumatology.
Methods: The search and analysis of information was conducted over three months (March 1st, 2025, to May 31st, 2025) using the keywords "nanotechnology," "nanomedicine," "nanotechnology", and "orthopedics." Based on the obtained information, a bibliographic review of 172 articles published in PubMed, Hinari, SciELO, and Medline databases was conducted using the EndNote search and reference manager. Thirty selected citations were used for the review, 28 of which were published within the last five years.
Results: The essential components used in nanotechnology are mentioned. The applications of this technology are described in spine and orthopedic oncology, as well as in anticancer materials, arthroplasty, articular cartilage, tendon adhesions, bone consolidation disorders, infections, and the transport of antimicrobials.
Conclusions: Nanotechnology offers a promising alternative to some of the specialty's current problems. However, the long-term effects on humans are unknown. Preliminary studies report toxicity in the brain and lungs, as well as systemic inflammation and oxidative stress. Research on this topic will be costly, and mass production will be difficult due to the complexity of these structures.
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22 julio 2025