Nevus Sebaceous of Jadassohn in an infant. Case report

Abstract

Introduction: Nevus Sebaceous of Jadassohn is a benign, non-hereditary lesion of the skin and its associated structures, the etiology of which is unclear. The combination of epithelial and non-epithelial abnormalities within the lesion suggests a malformation affecting both the ectoderm and mesoderm. In most cases, it occurs congenitally or may develop during the first years of life. Until the onset of puberty, it may go unnoticed, as hormonal changes typical of this stage often lead to growth in size and thickness. Diagnosis is clinical. It presents as a well-circumscribed, alopecic or non-alopecia plaque with a smooth, yellow-orange surface, primarily occupying the scalp. The lesions persist throughout life. A wide variety of tumors can develop on this lesion.

Objective: To present a case of Jadassohn's nevus sebaceous in an infant.

Clinical case: An eight-month-old female infant presented with painless, raised lesions occupying the central region of the skull. Prenatal and perinatal history was unremarkable. Consultation with the municipal Dermatology service was made, and a definitive diagnosis of Jadassohn's nevus sebaceous was made based on clinical and dermoscopic features.

Conclusions: Nevus Sebaceous of Jadassohn is a rare, infrequent, congenital hamartomatous lesion characterized by its association with the formation of benign and malignant tumors over time. Therefore, early diagnosis and periodic follow-up are essential to prevent complications.