Clinical-epidemiological characterization of adult patients with kidney stones
Abstract
Introduction: Nephron lithiasis is a disease characterized by the presence of crystals in the nephrons, resulting in the formation of kidney stones, tissue damage, and impaired kidney function.
Objective: To describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of adult patients with nephron lithiasis.
Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted in the Urology outpatient clinic of the Manuel Ascunce Domenech University Hospital from January 2022 to July 2024. The study population consisted of 145 patients diagnosed with nephron lithiasis, over 19 years of age, and of both sexes. Descriptive statistics and absolute and relative frequency distributions were used. The information was summarized in tables and graphs.
Results: Patients between 30 and 39 years of age predominated, with 47 patients (32.41%), and males, with 96 patients (66.20%). Eighty-five patients (58.62%) had no family history of kidney stones. Lower back pain predominated in 75 patients (51.72%). The predominant laboratory finding was microhematuria in 99 patients (68.28%); calcifications were also prominent in 100 patients (68.97%).
Conclusions: Kidney stones were more common in the third decade of life and in males. More than half of the patients had no family history of kidney stones. Lower back pain was the most common clinical presentation. The most frequent analytical alterations were microhematuria and the type of calcium lithiasis, with a predominance of calcium oxalate.
DeCS: NEPHROLITHIASIS/diagnosis; KIDNEY CALCULI; LOW BACK PAIN; ADULT; UROLITHIASIS.
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