Evaluation of different tests for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori
Abstract
Introduction: Helicobacter pylori bacteria is a Gram-negative, flagellated, non-sporulating, microerophilic bacillus. The clinical course of the infection is variable and depends on environmental circumstances, host factors, as well as virulence factors of the bacteria; which can become important in the development of the disease. Numerous research groups have focused on the development of increasingly effective diagnostic techniques to detect the presence of Helicobacter pylori.
Objective: To evaluate four tests for the diagnosis of Helicobacter pylori.
Methods: An observational, cross-sectional analytical study was carried out on 52 patients of any age and sex who consulted the Gastroenterology clinic of the Manuel Ascunce Domenech Provincial Hospital due to dyspeptic symptoms. Endoscopy was performed and diagnostic tests were applied to the samples obtained: microbiological culture, rapid urease test, histological, and serological examination.
Results: The performance index presented positivity values for biopsies from the antrum at 92.5% and for those from the body at 44.4%. The combination of histological examination with serology offered the best index, being 96.2%, and the highest sensitivity with 98.1%; those with the highest specificity are rapid urease test and serology and rapid urease test combined with histological examination with equal value (97.9%). The correlation was statistically significant between the different methods with Kappa p-value = 0.0495 is less than 0.05 and Kendall with an agreement of 88.5%.
Conclusions: The best methods combination to define a positive case of H. pylori was histological examination and serology.
DeCS: HELICOBACTER PYLORI; DIAGNOSTIC TECHNIQUES AND PROCEDURES; SEROLOGY; RAPID DIAGNOSTIC TESTS; HISTOLOGY.
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References
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14 julio 2025