Late tracheostomy and tracheal stenosis in operated post-COVID-19 patients
Abstract
Introduction: COVID-19 is a disease under study. Research is being carried out, with conflicting results. In Peru, studies in this regard are scarce, and it is advisable to focus efforts.
Objective: To characterize post-COVID-19 patients operated on for tracheal stenosis in the Head and Neck Surgery Service of the Alberto Sabogal National Hospital.
Methods: The study was quantitative, with a non-experimental, descriptive, correlational and retrospective design. The electronic medical records of patients who underwent surgery for tracheal stenosis and history of intubation due to COVID-19, during 2020 and 2021, were searched. 74 were found, of which 69 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The data obtained was recorded in a Form. Results were processed with SPSS. Absolute and relative frequencies, average, minimum and maximum values and prevalence rate were obtained. Results were represented in statistical tables.
Results: 30.4 % had a history of tracheostomy, 100 % corresponding to late tracheostomy. The average number of days of oral-tracheal intubation was 25 (7-60 days). The location of the stenosis was cervical in 86 %. It was observed that up to 7 % had associated trachea-esophageal fistula. The average number of compromised rings was 5 (3-8). The average percentage of stenosis was 85 % (40-100 %). In relation to the Cotton and Myer classification: 4 % corresponded to grade I, 11 % to grade II, 76 % to grade III and 9 % to grade IV.
Conclusions: The rate of prior tracheostomy is low in patients operated on for tracheal stenosis, all of which corresponds to late tracheostomy. The average number of days of oral-tracheal intubation was 25. The most frequent location was cervical. The average number of involved rings was 5. The average percentage of stenosis was 85 %. Regarding the Cotton and Myer classification: the majority corresponded to grade III. Finally, the most frequent surgery performed was resection and tracheal anastomosis.
DeCS: TRACHEAL STENOSIS/surgery; TRACHEOSTOMY; COVID-19; PATIENTS; PREVALENCE.
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References
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