Clinical-epidemiological characterization of women with altered Pap smear in a health area

Abstract

Introduction: Cervical cancer is an alarming cause of death in women worldwide.
Objective: To characterize some clinical-epidemiological aspects of women with altered Pap test.
Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out on women belonging to GBT 1 of the Ramón López Peña Polyclinic, Santiago de Cuba municipality, in the period from January to December 2022. The study population consisted of 56 patients who presented an altered Pap smear. The studied variables were: age, diagnosis of cervix pathology, risk factors, symptoms and signs, treatment and evolution of the disease.
Results: The group of women between 45 and 54 years of age predominated 35.7%, 50% presented grade II intraepithelial neoplasia, with a predominance of those who had had human Papillomavirus infection and had sexually transmitted vaginal infections 53.5% and 50.0% respectively. Leucorrhoea was the fundamental sign 42.9%. 82.1% had a favorable evolution of the disease after the treatment received and within these, vaginal cures were the most used in 53.3% of the cases.
Conclusions: Altered cytology was common in adult women, with a history of human Papillomavirus infection and other sexually transmitted diseases, with leukorrhea as the main sign and most of them diagnosed with CIN II. The most used treatment was vaginal cures with a favorable evolution in the largest number of patients.

DeCS: UTERINE CERVICAL DYSPLASIA/diagnosis; UTERINE CERVICAL DYSPLASIA/epidemiology; CARCINOMA IN SITU/drug therapy; RISK FACTOR; PRIMARY HEALTH CARE.